Physical Education

Physical education has been recognized as an integral part of education.The existence of human being is primarily physical.The first lesson a human child learns are lesson of physical activity.No education, however ideal and exalted in it`s objectives is complet without emphosis on motor activity. The human body is a scared gift of nature.It`s growth,development and efficiency largely depend upon the quantity and quality of motor activities it performs.In this context the word 'physical' refers to body and indicates bodu characterstics such as strength,speed,endurance,health,perfomance etc.Similarly the term' Education' when use in conjuction with physical,refers to a process of education that develops the human body especially fitness and movement skills.Thus,physical education is an education for body and mind though physical activity.Very often physical education is equated with physical Training[pt],exercise,games and sports,recreational activities,yoga etc.Infact physical education means many things to different people,because it has been defind in various ways.But,to understand the meaning of physical education some point of definations are given below;

• Brown Hill and Hagman,regarded physical education as"the accumulation of wholesome experiences through participation in large muscle activities that promote growth and development."
• J.B Nash explains-"Physical education is the that phase of whole field of education that deals with big muscle activities and their releated responces."

• AAHPER platform says,"physical education is the way of education through physical activities which are related and carried on with regard to values in human growth, development and behaviours.

Thus, from an overview of the above definations and other various definations the following salient features of physical education emerge:

1. Physical education is an essential and integral part of total education process.
2. Movements or activities or games&sports are the means of whole some experience and physical education.
3. Physical education aims to develop physically,mentally,emotionally&socially fit citezen through physical activities.
4. Physical education and their activities arevbased on systematic planning and scientific theory.

1. Thus,on the basis of the above points physical education is defined as,"an education by means of physical activities involving big muscle,body limbs and joint of an individual aimed towards the development of body and mind."
   

Sex education

The sex education is a type of education which deals about sex organs,sexual process,function of sex oragns of different animals.Sex education is necessary for every people in present time,because of many people are suffering from different types of sex diseases.It is very important for teenagers.Many African peoples are suffering from dangerous sex diseases like HIV Aids.If they know about sex education,such types of problems not occurs and their will be no HIV Aids.So the sex education can help to prevent us from different types of sexual diseases.Many teenagers boys and girls are involving in unprotect sexual relation,which brings the many problems in their life.It is necessary to that,sex education should be involve in from school level education to the university level education corrse of every country.Many country already start sex education in school and univesitie`s course but many countries of africa and asia do not involve sex education in their school level education,they should be involve this education as soon as possible in their school education.Now a days many peoples are struggle with many dangerous sex diseases like Aids.Aids deases is that types of sex disease which medicines still can not find scientist also.This disease is flowing in high ratio,if this ratio can not decrease,many people will die from this deases.From sex education people get knowledge about reproduction,fertility rate,prevention of sex diseases etc.The population growth of many developing countries,like nepal,india and other countries can be control by the help of sex education.

Science education

The science education is a type of education which deals about invention of different technology,plants and animals,chemicals compounds,universe etc.The word science is comes out from the latin word 'scientia'.The meaning of scientia is knowledge.According to this meaning science is study of systmatic knowledge about certain subjects.In science the established or invented knowledge is never end.The present achive knowledge is use for invention process of new matters in future time.Many invention of scientist are coming day by day which is results of science education.The science is dynamic and endless series of empirical knowledge,which ultimate goals is the formulation of concepts and theories.The defination of science can not express in one word.Some deffination of science are as fallows;

• science is a systematic body of knowledge.
• science is a heap of truth.
• science is the complete study of everythings.
• science is a method to find out more about our enviroment.
• science is process and product.

• science is what scientist do.

There are mainly four branches of science which are;

1. Physics:Physics is the basic science which study with matter,energy and their interraction.The word science is comes out from latin languagw 'phusis'.
2. Chemistry:Chemistry is a branch of science which study about the composition,structure,preperation and properties of different compounds.
3. Biology:biology is also the branch of science which deals about animals and plants.The study of plants is called botany and the study of animals is called zoology.
4. Geology&Astronomy:Geology and astronomy deals about origin&structure of earth,planet,stars and constellation.

Importance of science education:

• science education helps to invention of many technology and devices.
• Peoples can able to knowing about different types of plant&animals by science education.
• It develops basic knowledge for the study of nursing,mbbs,engineering etc.
• It helps to develop social civilization of peoples.
• science education helps to prevent us from different types of deases by producing medicines.

It is now obvious that science has done lot for the comforts of men.But it has some bad aspects too.Science has added more worries.There has been wars in the world which kills thousands of innocent peoples.Because of the discovery of neuclear weapons,men are always in danger.There is compettion among the powerful countries to produce such weapons.It is not good this shows that science is not only the blessing but also a curse.We should be careful to use scientific discoveries in the welfare of human beings.

Education for male and female in united state

Thirty five years ago,many schools in united states,still segregated courses on the basis of gender.Secretarial courses and cooking were for girls,business and mechanical for boys.High school teachers were not likely to encourage girls to go on to college because they were expected to get married and stay home to raise children.If a girl was going to college,teachers advised her to choose a traditionally feminine career such as teaching,nursing,or social work.
These things do not happen now.American schools generally offers the same course to all students and expect both girls and boys to have careers after they graduate.However some gender role differences are still common.Various study have shown.For example,that from preschool through high school,girls are given less attention than boys.Teachers tend to ask boys to do thing more often,offer them more helpful criticism.They tend to allow boy to shout out answers,but scold girls for doing so,especially in math and science classes.Studies also shown that because girls receive less attention from teachers,they suffer a further drop in self esteem when they reach high school.At age nine the majority of girls are confident,assertive,and positive about themselves.By age 14 less than one-third feel that way.Perhaps partly as a result of this high school girls score lower in most subjects on standardized tests than boys.
The structure of the school also sends out a message about gender role differences.In most elementary and secondary schools in the united states,men hold the position of authority as principals and teachers are female,over two-third of all school principals are male.This male dominated atmosphere can lead children to believe that women need the leadership of men.

Adult Education

Those people who are grown up are called adults.The education given to the adults is called adult education.In some of the developed country of the world,there is no need of adult education as education is compulsory and everyone is educated.But in a developing countries,the majority of the people are uneducated.So there is a need of adult education in such countries.
There is a need and importance of adult education.Adults are engaged in productive activities.The development of countries depends upon their activities.If they are not educated,they do not know the problems of country.They do not have any knowledge of the developmental plans.Uneducated peoples are exploited.They are conservative.They do not identify the importance of change.They do not know what is happening in the world.
Majority of people in developing country are peasants who live mainly in village.The development of countries depend on progress of the peasants.If the condition of the peasants is improved.In many developing country peasants are uneducated.They fallow the traditional method for their work like,farming.That is why the production is low.They are cheated by businessman.They do not have any idea about importance of sanitation and health.Their house and surrounding are dirty.They are frequently effected by diseases because of poor sanitation. It is the education which can improve the condition of the peasants.If the peasants are educated they send their children to schools.By educating the adults,We are helping to educate the majority of people.It is the dearth of government to provide adult education in the different parts of the country.There many non-governmental organization that are also conducting adults class.There must be co-ordinate between the activities of the government and such organization.The classes should focus on making adult literate.They should also be taught the skills they need to learn to do their day to day function.
Adults education is needed to develop country.Every village development,committee,schools,campus,governments and non-governmental organization should help to educate adults.

Female Education

The education to women is known as female education.A nation can prosper only with the united efforts of men and women.If both of them are educated,they can work hand in hand for the progress of the nation.If women are not educated,more than half of population is uneducated.Hence the country can not progress with half of uneducated population.

In ancient time female education was neglected.People thought that educating girls is useless.They thought that women are just to give birth to baby,look after them and their homes.For such works education is not necessary.Only the girls from educated family could get an opportunity of education.This idea has been slowly changed today.Many people have realized the importance of educating girls.The number of girls is increasing day by day in the schools and universitieres.However,the village women are still deprived of the oppurtunity of getting education.

There are many advantages of female education.Men and women are like the two wheels of the same cart.A cart can not move only with the one wheel.Similarly,a nation can not progress if both men and women are not educated.Women looks after their children.The mother is first teacher for their children.A educated women can train her children in a better way.An educated women can support her husband by shearing works.She can lesson her husband sorrow.An educated women is well mannered.The overall progressof the country finally depends upon the joint efforts of both man and women.Hence,educating women has an important role to play for the development of nation.

The girls should be give freedom to select the subjec`s necessity.So the government sts of their own choice.However there are some pereferable subjects for wpmen.Some of them are needle works.tailoring,home-science,houshold accounts etc.They can also be trained to work as a doctor,pilot,engineering,police force,government offices.

It is clear that educating women is quite important for the development of the nation.The people have realized the importance and necessity of female education.But many people from the village haven`t yet realized it necessity.So the government should pay special attension to educate the women in the village.They should be given incientives in such a way that most of the villagers will send girls to schools.

education system of nepal

The education system of nepal is undeveloped.the present education system of nepal was made in 2049 bs,still it is running.there is no change in curriculum,textbook and examination system of nepal.on the other hand,the education system of american,astrilian,european and also many asian countries have been developed education system and changing in good way.these countries are developed because they follow the scientific and practical education system.but nepal still follow the treaditional educational system.many political and social changes are occuring in nepal but still more than 45 percent are uneducated.

the education system of nepal is mainly divided into 3 types,which are primary education

1. pramary: it consist from class 1 to 5.
2. Secondary: it consist from class 6 to 12
3. Higher Education: it consist bachlor level(3 years) ,master level(2 years) and phd level(2 years)

prnow a days the goverment of nepal trying to change the education system of nepal into scientific system.they already announced to bring practical education upto 2015 ad.some scientific changes are appears in education system of nepal but it is not enough.if the all political party of nepal able to make unity with each other,the education system of nepal will improve soon.